4.4 Review

Endothelial progenitor cells promote tumor growth and progression by enhancing new vessel formation

Journal

ONCOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 793-799

Publisher

SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4733

Keywords

endothelial progenitor cells; neovascularization; tumor; vascular endothelial growth factor; stromal cell-derived factor-1

Categories

Funding

  1. Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Jilin Province, China [20140520035JH]
  2. Education Department of Jilin Province, China [2016-483]
  3. Health and Family Planning Commission for Young Scientists of Jilin Province, China [2015Q008]

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Tumor growth and progression require new blood vessel formation to deliver nutrients and oxygen for further cell proliferation and to create a neovascular network exit for tumor cell metastasis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cell population that circulates in the peripheral circulation and homes to the tumor bed to participate in new blood vessel formation. In addition to structural support to nascent vessels, these cells can also regulate the angiogenic process by paracrine secretion of a number of proangiogenic growth factors and cytokines, thus playing a crucial role in tumor neovascularization and development. Inhibition of EPC-mediated new vessel formation may be a promising therapeutic strategy in tumor treatment. EPC-mediated neovascularization is a complex process that includes multiple steps and requires a series of cytokines and modulators, thus understanding the underlying mechanisms may provide anti-neovasculogenesis targets that may be blocked for the prevention of tumor development. The present review stresses the process and contribution of EPCs to the formation of new blood vessels in solid tumors, in an attempt to gain an improved understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, and to provide a potential effective therapeutic target for cancer treatment.

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