Multifactorial Modeling of Impairment of Evoked Gamma Range Oscillations in Schizophrenia

Despite a significant increase in efforts to identify biomarkers and endophenotypic measures of psychiatric illnesses, only a very limited amount of computational models of these markers and measures has been implemented so far. Moreover, existing computational models dealing with biomarkers typically only examine one possible mechanism in isolation, disregarding the possibility that other combinations of model parameters might produce the same network behavior (what has been termed multifactoriality). In this study we describe a step toward a computational instantiation of an endophenotypic finding for schizophrenia, namely the impairment of evoked auditory gamma and beta oscillations in schizophrenia. We explore the multifactorial nature of this impairment using an established model of primary auditory cortex, by performing an extensive search of the parameter space. We find that single network parameters contain only little information about whether the network will show impaired gamma entrainment and that different regions in the parameter space yield similar network level oscillation abnormalities. These regions in the parameter space, however, show strong differences in the underlying network dynamics. To sum up, we present a first step toward an in silico instantiation of an important biomarker of schizophrenia, which has great potential for the identification and study of disease mechanisms and for understanding of existing treatments and development of novel ones.