Minimally Invasive Versus Open Pancreatic Surgery in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

The role of minimally invasive pancreatic surgery for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is not well defined. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of minimally invasive versus open pancreatic resections in patients with MEN1. Prospectively collected data of MEN1 patients who underwent a primary distal pancreatic resection and/or enucleation for non-functioning pNENs or insulinoma were retrospectively analyzed regarding the outcome of minimally invasive or open pancreatic resections. Thirty-three patients underwent primary pancreatic resection for either organic hyperinsulinism (n = 9, 27 %) or non-functioning pNENs > 1 cm in size (n = 24, 73 %) between 1987 and 2015. 21 (64 %) patients underwent an open surgical (group 1) and 12 patients (36 %) a minimally invasive approach, either laparoscopic (n = 8) or robotic assisted (n = 4) (group 2). Both groups were comparable regarding age, gender, number, and size of pancreatic tumors. In both groups, the hyperinsulinism of all patients (9/9,100 %) could be cured and all NF-pNENs > 1 cm could be resected. Group 2 had a significant shorter operative time (200 vs. 260 min; p = 0.036), less intraoperative blood loss (120 vs. 280 ml; p < 0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (11 vs. 15.5 days; p = 0.034). The rate of patients with postoperative complications, especially postoperative pancreatic fistulas, was not different between groups (62 % group 1 vs. 67 % group 2, p = 0.74). Minimally invasive distal pancreatic resections and enucleations are feasible and safe in MEN1 patients with insulinoma or non-functioning pNENs.