Journal
VIRUS RESEARCH
Volume 213, Issue -, Pages 100-108Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.11.005
Keywords
Vaccine delivery vector; Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1); Porcine reproductive and respiratory; syndrome virus (PRRSV); Antigenic epitopes; Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)
Categories
Funding
- Virginia Tech internal funds
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/D/20241866, BBS/E/D/20241864] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BBS/E/D/20241866, BBS/E/D/20241864] Funding Source: UKRI
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We previously demonstrated that the C-terminus of the capsid gene of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an immune reactive epitope displayed on the surface of virions. Insertion of foreign epitope tags in the C-terminus produced infectious virions that elicited humoral immune responses against both PCV2 capsid and the inserted epitope tags, whereas mutation in the N terminus impaired viral replication. Since the non-pathogenic porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) shares similar genomic organization and significant sequence identity with pathogenic PCV2, in this study we evaluated whether PCV1 can serve as a vaccine delivery virus vector. Four different antigenic determinants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were inserted in the C-terminus of the PCV1 capsid gene, the infectivity and immunogenicity of the resulting viruses are determined. We showed that an insertion of 12 (PRRSV-GP2 epitope II, PRRSV-GP3 epitope I, and PRRSV-GP5 epitope I), and 14 (PRRSV-GP5 epitope IV) amino acid residues did not affect PCV1 replication. We successfully rescued and characterized four chimeric PCV1 viruses expressing PRRSV linear antigenic determinants (GP2 epitope II: aa 40-51, ASPSHVGWWSFA; GP3 epitope I: aa 61-72, QAAAEAYEPGRS; GP5 epitope I: aa 35-46, SSSNLQLIYNLT; and GP5 epitope IV: aa 187-200, TPVTRVSAEQWGRP). We demonstrated that all chimeric viruses were stable and infectious in vitro and three chimeric viruses were infectious in vivo. An immunogenicity study in pigs revealed that PCV1-VR2385(EPI) chimeric viruses elicited neutralizing antibodies against PRRSV-VR2385. The results have important implications for further evaluating PCV1 as a potential vaccine delivery vector. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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