Journal
TUMOR BIOLOGY
Volume 37, Issue 9, Pages 11667-11677Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5144-5
Keywords
miR-204; Target gene; Cancer; Tumor-suppresive gene
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81270760, 81571495]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB943104]
- Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology [15431902800, 15140903100]
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous, small (about 22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs which negatively regulate gene expressions. As one of them, miR-204 originates from the sixth intron of the transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) gene. Therefore, expression of miR-204 is under the control of the TRPM3 promoter and regulated by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. miR-204 has been found to play the important roles in development of eyes and adipogenesis. Its pathological functions have been observed in a few diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension, diabetes, and various types of cancers. It is believed that miR-204 acts as a tumor-suppressor via promoting apoptosis, conferring the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy, and suppressing the self-renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Expression of miR-204 is repressed by its targets XRN1 and TRKB in prostate cancer and endometrial carcinoma, respectively; therefore, they establish an oncogenic feedback loops that play an important role promoting development of cancer. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge regarding miR-204, including its expression, regulation and biological functions, especially focusing our discussion on its role in tumor development and tumor progression.
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