Journal
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 26, Issue 3, Pages 190-201Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.013
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust [097726]
- Programme Grant from Cancer Research UK [C37030/A15101]
- CIRM [RB4-06087]
- NIH [R01 AG031198, T32 CA09302]
- NSF GRFP
- Robert M. and Anne T. Bass Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- Cancer Research UK [15101] Funding Source: researchfish
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AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy balance expressed ubiquitously in eukaryotic cells. Here we review the canonical adenine nucleotide-dependent mechanism that activates AMPK when cellular energy status is compromised, as well as other, noncanonical activation mechanisms. Once activated, AMPK acts to restore energy homeostasis by promoting catabolic pathways, resulting in ATP generation, and inhibiting anabolic pathways that consume ATP. We also review the various hypothesis-driven and unbiased approaches that have been used to identify AMPK substrates and have revealed substrates involved in both metabolic and non-metabolic processes. We particularly focus on methods for identifying the AMPK target recognition motif and how it can be used to predict new substrates.
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