Effect of hip and knee position on tensor fasciae latae elongation during stretching: An ultrasonic shear wave elastography study

Background: Decreased flexibility of the tensor fasciae latae is one factor that causes iliotibial band syndrome. Stretching has been used to improve flexibility or tightness of the muscle. However, no studies have investigated the effective stretching position for the tensor fasciae latae using an index to quantify muscle elongation in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hip rotation and knee angle on tensor fasciae latae elongation during stretching in vivo using ultrasonic shear wave elastography. Methods: Twenty healthy men participated in this study. The shear elastic modulus of the tensor fasciae latae was calculated using ultrasonic shear wave elastography. Stretching was performed at maximal hip adduction and maximal hip extension in 12 different positions with three hip rotation conditions (neutral, internal, and external rotations) and four knee angles (0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees). Findings: Two-way analysis of variance showed a significant main effect for knee angle, but not for hip rotation. The post-hoc test for knee angle indicated that the shear elastic modulus at 90 degrees and 135 degrees were significantly greater than those at 0 degrees and 45 degrees. Interpretation: Our results suggest that adding hip rotation to the stretching position with hip adduction and extension may have less effect on tensor fasciae latae elongation, and that stretching at >90 degrees of knee flexion may effectively elongate the tensor fasciae latae. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.