Journal
STROKE
Volume 47, Issue 6, Pages 1429-U147Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.012658
Keywords
blood pressure; dementia; epidemiology; hypertension; transient ischemic attack
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Funding
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Career Development Fellowship
- Rhodes Trust
- Principal Research Fellowship from Australian Health and Medical Research Council
- Oxford Martin School
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
- NIHR
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)
- Wellcome Trust
- UK NIHR
- Oxford NIHR BRC
- UK Medical Research Council
- Dunhill Medical Trust
- Stroke Association
- National Institute for Health Research [CL-2012-06-001] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background and Purpose-Vascular dementia is the second most common form of dementia but reliable evidence on age-specific associations between blood pressure (BP) and risk of vascular dementia is limited and some studies have reported negative associations at older ages. Methods-In a cohort of 4.28 million individuals, free of known vascular disease and dementia and identified from linked electronic primary care health records in the United Kingdom (Clinical Practice Research Datalink), we related BP to time to physician-diagnosed vascular dementia. We further determined associations between BP and dementia in a prospective population-based cohort of incident transient ischemic attack and stroke (Oxford Vascular Study). Results-For a median follow-up of 7.0 years, 11 114 initial presentations of vascular dementia were observed in the primary care cohort after exclusion of the first 4 years of follow-up. The association between usual systolic BP and risk of vascular dementia decreased with age (hazard ratio per 20 mm Hg higher systolic BP, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.35 at 30-50 years; 1.26, 1.18-1.35 at 51-70 years; 0.97, 0.92-1.03 at 71-90 years; P trend=0.006). Usual systolic BP remained predictive of vascular dementia after accounting for effect mediation by stroke and transient ischemic attack. In the population-based cohort, prior systolic BP was predictive of 5-year risk of dementia with no evidence of negative association at older ages. Conclusions-BP is positively associated with risk of vascular dementia, irrespective of preceding transient ischemic attack or stroke. Previous reports of inverse associations in old age could not be confirmed.
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