Journal
SMALL
Volume 12, Issue 17, Pages 2376-2384Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503855
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Funding
- China Government 1000 Plan Talent Program
- China MOE NCET Program
- Natural Science Foundation of China [51322204]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2060140014, WK2060140017]
- External Cooperation Program of BIC
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [211134KYSB20130017]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIP) [2015R1A2A2A01006992]
- [IBS-R019-D1]
- Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning, Republic of Korea [IBS-R019-D1-2016-A00] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2015R1A2A2A01006992] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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KOH activation of microwave exfoliated graphite oxide (MEGO) is investigated in detail at temperatures of 450-550 degrees C. Out of the activation temperature range conventionally used for the preparation of activated carbons (> 600 degrees C), the reaction between KOH and MEGO platelets at relatively low temperatures allows one to trace the structural transition from quasi-two-dimensional graphene platelets to three-dimensional porous carbon. In addition, it is found that nanometer-sized pores are created in the graphene platelets at the activation temperature of around 450 degrees C, leading to a carbon that maintains the platelet-like morphology, yet with a specifi c surface area much higher than MEGO (e. g., increased from 156 to 937 m(2) g(-1)). Such a porous yet highly conducting carbon shows a largely enhanced electrochemical activity and thus improved electrochemical performance when being used as electrodes in supercapacitors. A specifi c capacitance of 265 F g(-1) (185 F cm(-3)) is obtained at a current density of 1 A g(-1) in 6 m KOH electrolyte, which remains 223 F g(-1) (156 F cm(-3)) at the current density of 10 A g(-1).
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