Journal
SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY
Volume 43, Issue 4, Pages 436-445Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.06.001
Keywords
Pharmacological audit trail; Biomarkers; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics
Categories
Funding
- Cancer Research UK [C309/A8274/A309/A11566, C51/A6883]
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres program - Cancer Research UK
- CRUK
- NIHR
- Cancer Research UK [9098, 11566] Funding Source: researchfish
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The Pharmacological Audit Trail (PhAT) comprises a set of critical questions that need to be asked during discovery and development of an anticancer drug. Key aspects include: (1) defining a patient population; (2) establishing pharmacokinetic characteristics; (3) providing evidence of target engagement, pathway modulation, and biological effect with proof of concept pharmacodynamic biomarkers; (4) determining intermediate biomarkers of response; (5) assessing tumor response; and (6) determining how to overcome resistance by combination or sequential therapy and new target/drug discovery. The questions asked in the PhAT should be viewed as a continuum and not used in isolation. Different drug development programmes derive different types of benefit from these questions. The PhAT is critical in making go-no-go decisions in the development of currently studied drugs and will continue to be relevant to discovery and development of future generations of anticancer agents. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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