Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 565, Issue -, Pages 1071-1083Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.137
Keywords
PAH; OPAH; NPAH; Gas/particle partitioning model; Aerosol; Air quality
Categories
Funding
- French Ministry of Environment (MEEM)
- French Ministry of Research
Ask authors/readers for more resources
21 PAHs, 27 oxy-PAHs and 32 nitro-PAHs were measured every third day over a year in both gaseous (G) and particulate PM10 (P) phases in ambient air of Grenoble (France). Mean total concentrations (G + P) of PAHs and oxy-PAHs were in the same range and about 10 ng m(-3). Nitro-PAHs were 50 to 100 times less concentrated averaging 100 pg m(-3). Polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) concentrations were 5 to 7 times higher in cold period (October to March) than in warm period (April to September). Seasonal variations may be explained by higher primary emissions from residential heating, especially biomass burning in cold season. Meteorological conditions and influence of the geomorphology around Grenoble, with the formation of thermal inversion layers leading to the stagnation of pollutants, were additional key parameters. Maximum individual PAC concentrations were observed during two PM10 pollution events in December and February-March. Chemical processes and secondary formation of oxy-and nitro-PAH were probably enhanced by the accumulation of the pollutants during these events. PAC gas/particle partitioning depended on compound molecular weight and vapour pressure. Gas/particle partitioning of oxy- and nitro-PAHs were evaluated using a multi-phase poly-parameter linear free energy relationship model. The PAC cancer risk was assessed using toxic equivalency factors available in the literature (19 PAHs, 10 nitro-PAHs and 1 oxy- PAH). Overall, particle-bound PACs contributed about 76% of the cancer risk. While PAHs accounted for most of the total PAC cancer risk, oxy- and nitro-PAHs could account for up to 24%. The risk quantification across substance classes is limited by toxicological data availability. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available