Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 547, Issue -, Pages 422-428Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.115
Keywords
Black carbon; Emission factor; Light-duty gasoline vehicle; Carbon mass balance
Categories
Funding
- Xiamen Environmental Protection & Vehicles Pollution Control Centre
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2014A030310290]
- Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-408]
- Fujian Distinguished Young Scholar Career Award [2011J06018]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB05040400]
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Accurately quantifying black carbon (BC) emission factors (EFs) is a prerequisite for estimation of BC emission inventory. BC EFs determined by measuring BC at the roadside or chasing a vehicle on-road may introduce large uncertainty for low emission vehicles. In this study, BC concentrations were measured inside the tailpipe of gasoline vehicles with different engine sizes under different driving modes to determine the respective EFs. BC EFs ranged from 0.005-7.14 mg/kg-fuel under the speeds of 20-70 km/h, 0.05-28.95 mg/kg-fuel under the accelerations of 0.5-1.5 m/s(2). Although the water vapor in the sampling stream could result in an average of 12% negative bias, the BC EFs are significantly lower than the published results obtained with roadside or chasing vehicle measurement. It is suggested to conduct measurement at the tailpipe of gasoline vehicles instead of in the atmosphere behind the vehicles to reduce the uncertainty from fluctuation in ambient BC concentration. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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