Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 352, Issue 6282, Pages 201-205Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aac9812
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Funding
- Austrian Ministry of Science and Research (BMWF)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through START grant [Y479-N20]
- European Research Council (ERC) [259435]
- Lise-Meitner program of the FWF
- Special Research Programme (SFB) FoQuS
- ERC Synergy Grant UQUAM
- EU FET Proactive Initiative SIQS
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y479] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16K13857] Funding Source: KAKEN
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y 479] Funding Source: researchfish
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The Hubbard model underlies our understanding of strongly correlated materials. Whereas its standard form only comprises interactions between particles at the same lattice site, extending it to encompass long-range interactions is predicted to profoundly alter the quantum behavior of the system. We realize the extended Bose-Hubbard model for an ultracold gas of strongly magnetic erbium atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Controlling the orientation of the atomic dipoles, we reveal the anisotropic character of the onsite interaction and hopping dynamics and their influence on the superfluid-to-Mott insulator quantum phase transition. Moreover, we observe nearest-neighbor interactions, a genuine consequence of the long-range nature of dipolar interactions. Our results lay the groundwork for future studies of exotic many-body quantum phases.
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