Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 353, Issue 6300, Pages 687-690Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad2993
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Funding
- Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Belgium)
- Actions de Recherche Concertee of the Wallonia-Brussels Federation
- University of Liege
- Fondation Medicale Reine Elisabeth
- Fondation Simone et Pierre Clerdent
- Bial Foundation
- FEDER-Radiomed
- Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award
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Human performance is modulated by circadian rhythmicity and homeostatic sleep pressure. Whether and how this interaction is represented at the regional brain level has not been established. We quantified changes in brain responses to a sustained-attention task during 13 functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions scheduled across the circadian cycle, during 42 hours of wakefulness and after recovery sleep, in 33 healthy participants. Cortical responses showed significant circadian rhythmicity, the phase of which varied across brain regions. Cortical responses also significantly decreased with accrued sleep debt. Subcortical areas exhibited primarily a circadian modulation that closely followed the melatonin profile. These findings expand our understanding of the mechanisms involved in maintaining cognition during the day and its deterioration during sleep deprivation and circadian misalignment.
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