Journal
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
Volume 42, Issue 2, Pages 144-152Publisher
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3552
Keywords
agriculture; exposure; farming; France; pesticide
Categories
Funding
- Ligue Contre le Cancer
- PhD thesis of C. Lemarchand
- Ligue Contre le Cancer (Nationale and Comites du Calvados, de l'Orne, de la Manche, du Maine et Loire et de Paris)
- Mutualite Sociale Agricole (caisse centrale et caisses des Alpes du Nord, de l'Alsace, de Bourgogne, des Cotes Normandes, de Franche Comte, de Gironde, de Loire Atlantique-Vendee, de Midi Pyrenees Nord, de la Picardie)
- Fondation de France (Mr Edouard Serres)
- Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (programme Environnement Sante Travail of ANSES)
- Institut National du Cancer [InCA 8422]
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer [ARC 02-010]
- Conseil Regional de Basse Normandie
- Centre Francois Baclesse
- Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (l'ONEMA in support of the Ecophyto plan)
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Objectives Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers among men worldwide. Its etiology is largely unknown, but an increased risk has been repeatedly observed among farmers. Our aim was to identify occupational risk factors for prostate cancer among farmers in the prospective cohort study AGRICAN. Methods Data on lifetime agricultural exposures (type of crops, livestock and tasks including pesticide use, re-entry and harvesting) were collected from the enrolment questionnaire. During the period from enrolment (2005-2007) to 31 December 2009, 1672 incident prostate cancers were identified. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox regression analysis. Results We found an increased risk for cattle breeders using insecticides [HR 1.20, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01-1.42] with a significant dose-response relationship with number of cattle treated (P for trend 0.01). A dose-response relationship was also observed with the number of hogs (P for trend 0.06). We found an excess of prostate cancer risk among people involved in grassland activities, mainly in haymaking (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.36). Pesticide use and harvesting among fruit growers were associated with an elevated prostate cancer risk, with a two-fold increased risk for the largest area. For potato and tobacco producers, an elevated prostate cancer risk was observed for almost all tasks, suggesting a link with pesticide exposure since all of them potentially involved pesticide exposure. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that the risk of prostate cancer is increased in several farming activities (cattle and hog breeding, grassland and fruit-growing) and for some tasks including pesticide use.
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