Journal
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 227, Issue -, Pages 9-22Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.02.005
Keywords
Retrotrapezoid nucleus; Active expiration; Caudal ventral respiratory group; Breathing; Chemoreflex
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Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
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The rostroventrolateral medulla contains two functional neuronal populations: (1) the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG) neurons and (2) the chemosensitive retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) neurons. Using anatomical and physiological techniques, we investigated the role of the RTN/pFRG in CO2-induced active expiration (AE) in urethane-anesthetized rats. Anterograde tracing using biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) revealed dense neuronal projections emanating from the RTN/pFRG to the caudal ventral respiratory group (cVRG), 60% of which contained vesicular glutamate transporter-2. The minority (16%) of the RTN projections to the cVRG emanated from Phox2b positive neurons. Hypercapnia (10% CO2) increased Dia(EMG) and elicited Abd(EMG) activity. Bilateral injections of muscimol (2 mM) into the RTN/pFRG reduced the activation of Dia(EMG) (23 4%) and abolished AE-induced by chemoreflex stimulation. Taken together, these results support the presence of direct excitatory projections from RTN/pFRG neurons to cVRG expiratory premotor neurons, playing a role in the generation/modulation of AE. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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