Journal
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Volume 58, Issue 5, Pages 537-547Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2016.01.008
Keywords
Obesity; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Weight loss
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The prevalence and severity of obesity have increased in the United States and most of the Westernized World over recent decades, reaching worldwide epidemics. Since obesity worsens most of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, not surprisingly, most CVDs, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation, are all increased in the setting of obesity. However, many studies and meta-analyses have demonstrated an obesity paradox with regards to prognosis in CVD patients, with often the overweight and mildly obese having a better prognosis than do their leaner counterparts with the same CVD. The implication for fitness to markedly alter the relationship between adiposity and prognosis and the potential impact of weight loss, in light of the obesity paradox, are all reviewed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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