Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 283, Issue 1829, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0469
Keywords
metabolomics; coral; platelet activating factor; mass spectrometry
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Funding
- NSF Partnerships for International Research and Education (PIRE) Grant [124351]
- NSF Dimensions Grant [DEB-1046413]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3781]
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research [IMB-ROHW-141679]
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Inc.
- Office Of The Director
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering [1243541] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Holobionts are assemblages of microbial symbionts and their macrobial host. As extant representatives of some of the oldest macro-organisms, corals and algae are important for understanding how holobionts develop and interact with one another. Using untargeted metabolomics, we show that non-self interactions altered the coral metabolome more than self-interactions (i.e. different or same genus, respectively). Platelet activating factor (PAF) and Lyso-PAF, central inflammatory modulators in mammals, were major lipid components of the coral holobionts. When corals were damaged during competitive interactions with algae, PAF increased along with expression of the gene encoding Lyso-PAF acetyltransferase; the protein responsible for converting Lyso-PAF to PAF. This shows that self and non-self recognition among some of the oldest extant holobionts involve bioactive lipids identical to those in highly derived taxa like humans. This further strengthens the hypothesis that major players of the immune response evolved during the pre-Cambrian.
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