Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 113, Issue 45, Pages 12792-12796Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1609534113
Keywords
anaerobic oxidation of methane; archaea; iron reduction; manganese reduction; multiheme proteins
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Funding
- VENI grant from The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [863.13.007, 863.11.003]
- joint program of the Chinese Academy of Science/Royal Dutch Academy of Science [09PhD02]
- BE-Basic Foundation [fp07.002]
- European Research Council (ERC) [339880, 640422]
- Spinoza Prize
- European Research Council (ERC) [640422] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is crucial for controlling the emission of this potent greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. Nitrite-, nitrate-, and sulfate-dependent methane oxidation is well-documented, but AOM coupled to the reduction of oxidized metals has so far been demonstrated only in environmental samples. Here, using a freshwater enrichment culture, we show that archaea of the order Methanosarcinales, related to Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens, couple the reduction of environmentally relevant forms of Fe3+ and Mn4+ to the oxidation of methane. We obtained an enrichment culture of these archaea under anaerobic, nitrate-reducing conditions with a continuous supply of methane. Via batch incubations using [C-13] methane, we demonstrated that soluble ferric iron (Fe3+, as Fe-citrate) and nanoparticulate forms of Fe3+ and Mn4+ supported methane-oxidizing activity. CO2 and ferrous iron (Fe2+) were produced in stoichiometric amounts. Our study connects the previous finding of iron-dependent AOM to microorganisms detected in numerous habitats worldwide. Consequently, it enables a better understanding of the interaction between the biogeochemical cycles of iron and methane.
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