Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 113, Issue 31, Pages 8612-8617Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1604743113
Keywords
diffusiophoresis; suspensions; long-range interactions; soluto-inertial; colloid
Categories
Funding
- American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Foundation [54141-ND5]
- National Institutes of Health [HL-51177]
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through the US Army Research Office [W911NF-09-0001]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-1438779]
- NSF - NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers Program [DMR 1121053]
- NSF
- Directorate For Engineering [1438779] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1438779] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Equilibrium interactions between particles in aqueous suspensions are limited to distances less than 1 mu m. Here, we describe a versatile concept to design and engineer nonequilibrium interactions whose magnitude and direction depends on the surface chemistry of the suspended particles, and whose range may extend over hundreds of microns and last thousands of seconds. The mechanism described here relies on diffusiophoresis, in which suspended particles migrate in response to gradients in solution. Three ingredients are involved: a soluto-inertial beacon designed to emit a steady flux of solute over long time scales; suspended particles that migrate in response to the solute flux; and the solute itself, which mediates the interaction. We demonstrate soluto-inertial interactions that extend for nearly half a millimeter and last for tens of minutes, and which are attractive or repulsive, depending on the surface chemistry of the suspended particles. Experiments agree quantitatively with scaling arguments and numerical computations, confirming the basic phenomenon, revealing design strategies, and suggesting a broad set of new possibilities for the manipulation and control of suspended particles.
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