Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 113, Issue 38, Pages 10473-10478Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611740113
Keywords
metasurface; hologram; nanophotonics
Categories
Funding
- Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. [SC001-0000000959]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI Grant [FA9550-14-1-0389]
- Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc.
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [104-2917-I-564-058]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) under NSF Award [ECS-0335765]
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Metasurfaces are planar optical elements that hold promise for overcoming the limitations of refractive and conventional diffractive optics. Original dielectric metasurfaces are limited to transparency windows at infrared wavelengths because of significant optical absorption and loss at visible wavelengths. Thus, it is critical that new materials and nanofabrication techniques be developed to extend dielectric metasurfaces across the visible spectrum and to enable applications such as high numerical aperture lenses, color holograms, and wearable optics. Here, we demonstrate high performance dielectric metasurfaces in the form of holograms for red, green, and blue wavelengths with record absolute efficiency (> 78%). We use atomic layer deposition of amorphous titanium dioxide with surface roughness less than 1 nm and negligible optical loss. We use a process for fabricating dielectric metasurfaces that allows us to produce anisotropic, subwavelength-spaced dielectric nanostructures with shape birefringence. This process is capable of realizing any high-efficiency metasurface optical element, e.g., metalenses and axicons.
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