Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 113, Issue 11, Pages 2833-2838Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509612113
Keywords
spore dispersal; fungi; evaporation; gravity current; basidiomycete
Categories
Funding
- California Research Training Program in Computational and Applied Mathematics [DMS-1045536]
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- National Science Foundation [DMS-1312543]
- UCLA
- New York University Tandon School of Engineering
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1045536, 1351860] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences [1045536, 1351860] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Thousands of basidiomycete fungal species rely on mushroom spores to spread across landscapes. It has long been thought that spores depend on favorable winds for dispersal-that active control of spore dispersal by the parent fungus is limited to an impulse delivered to the spores to carry them clear of the gill surface. Here we show that evaporative cooling of the air surrounding the pileus creates convective airflows capable of carrying spores at speeds of centimeters per second. Convective cells can transport spores from gaps that may be only 1 cm high and lift spores 10 cm or more into the air. This work reveals howmushrooms tolerate and even benefit from crowding and explains their high water needs.
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