Journal
PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 252, Issue -, Pages 12-21Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.06.019
Keywords
Reactive oxygen species; flg22; TGA factor; Arabidopsis thaliana
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan [22248042]
- Strategic Project to Support the Formation of Research Bases at Private Universities: Matching Fund Subsidy from MEXT [S1101035]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [24780332]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24780332] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in chloroplasts have been proposed to act as signaling molecules for plant immunity through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as flg22. To elucidate this process, we herein conducted genetic screening of flg22-sensitive mutants from T-DNA insertion lines lacking chloroplastic H2O2-responsive genes. The results obtained showed that knockout mutants lacking a Glade IV TGA transcription factor, TGA10, were more sensitive to the flg22 treatment than wild type plants. Furthermore, although no flg22-sensitive phenotype was detected in the knockout mutant of another Glade IV TGA9, double knockout tga9 tga10 mutants showed more sensitivity to flg22 than single knockout mutants. Transcripts of TGA10 and TGA9 were strongly induced by flg22 in leaves, and this was facilitated by the double knockout of stromal and thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidases (APX), which are major H2O2 scavengers in chloroplasts. The flg22-induced H2O2 accumulation was maintained at high level in these APXs mutants, indicating the Glade IV TGAs may be induced by the ROS. Furthermore, TGA10 was required for the complete activation of the expression of several flg22-responsive genes in plants treated with this PAMP. These have provided a new insight into the relationship between the TGA transcription factors and ROS-mediated signaling in PAMPs responses. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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