Feruloylated Oligosaccharides from Maize Bran Modulated the Gut Microbiota in Rats

Corn bran is a byproduct produced from corn milling; it is rich in ferulic acid and hemicellulose. In this research, the effects of feruloylated oligosaccharides (FOs) from maize bran on the microbial diversity and profiles in rat feces were investigated through 16S rRNA sequencing. FOs significantly increased bacterial richness and diversity compared with the control and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) alone. In comparison with the control group and the group administrated with XOS, FOs orally administered at 300 mg/kg increased OTU in feces by 57.0 and 24.8 %, and Chao value by 93.4 and 37.6 %, respectively. FOs also influenced obesity- and diabetes-associated bacteria. Oral administration of FOs at 300 mg/kg decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes from 477.7:1 to 55.1:1; greatly increased the reads of bacteria that were previously found resistant against diabetes in rats, such as Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus; whereas decreased diabetes-prone bacteria, such as Clostridium and Firmicutes.