Journal
PLANT CELL
Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages 616-628Publisher
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.15.00928
Keywords
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Funding
- French ATIP CNRS grant
- Human Frontier Science Program Organization research grant [RGY0082/2010]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant [GBMF 4966]
- Marie-Curie ITN CALIPSO [ITN 2013 GA 607607]
- Marie Curie ITN AccliPhot [ITN 2012 GA 316427]
- Italian Program RITMARE
- French Investissements d'Avenir'' program CALSIMLAB funds from the Institut Universitaire de France [ANR-11-LABX-0037-0, ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02]
- French Initiative d'Excellence program (LabEx DYNAMO) [ANR-11-LABX-0011]
- ERC Diatomite'' project
- French Investissements d'Avenir'' program MEMO LIFE [ANR-10-LABX-54]
- PSL Research University [ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02]
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The absorption of visible light in aquatic environments has led to the common assumption that aquatic organisms sense and adapt to penetrative blue/green light wavelengths but show little or no response to the more attenuated red/far-red wavelengths. Here, we show that two marine diatom species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana, possess a bona fide red/far-red light sensing phytochrome (DPH) that uses biliverdin as a chromophore and displays accentuated red-shifted absorbance peaks compared with other characterized plant and algal phytochromes. Exposure to both red and far-red light causes changes in gene expression in P. tricornutum, and the responses to far-red light disappear in DPH knockout cells, demonstrating that P. tricornutum DPH mediates far-red light signaling. The identification of DPH genes in diverse diatom species widely distributed along the water column further emphasizes the ecological significance of far-red light sensing, raising questions about the sources of far-red light. Our analyses indicate that, although far-red wavelengths from sunlight are only detectable at the ocean surface, chlorophyll fluorescence and Raman scattering can generate red/far-red photons in deeper layers. This study opens up novel perspectives on phytochrome-mediated far-red light signaling in the ocean and on the light sensing and adaptive capabilities of marine phototrophs.
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