Journal
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages 2134-2146Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12569
Keywords
rice; grain size; growth-regulating factor; miR396; GRF-interacting factors
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31471474, 91435102, 31570004]
- Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice (Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre) [2013KF05]
- Sichuan Provincial Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars [2015JQ0048]
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Grain weight is the most important component of rice yield and is mainly determined by grain size, which is generally controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Although numerous QTLs that regulate grain weight have been identified, the genetic network that controls grain size remains unclear. Herein, we report the cloning and functional analysis of a dominant QTL, grain length and width 2 (GLW2), which positively regulates grain weight by simultaneously increasing grain length and width. The GLW2 locus encodes OsGRF4 (growth-regulating factor 4) and is regulated by the microRNA miR396c invivo. The mutation in OsGRF4 perturbs the OsmiR396 target regulation of OsGRF4, generating a larger grain size and enhanced grain yield. We also demonstrate that OsGIF1 (GRF-interacting factors 1) directly interacts with OsGRF4, and increasing its expression improves grain size. Our results suggest that the miR396c-OsGRF4-OsGIF1 regulatory module plays an important role in grain size determination and holds implications for rice yield improvement.
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