Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 116, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.141101
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Funding
- Spanish MINECO [AYA2013-40979-P]
- Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEOII-2014-069]
- CONACyT-Mexico
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik
- FCT (Portugal) IF program
- CIDMA (FCT) strategic Project [UID/MAT/04106/2013]
- EU [NRHEP-295189-FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IRSES, H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015, StronGrHEP-690904]
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A Reissner-Nordstrm black hole (BH) is superradiantly unstable against spherical perturbations of a charged scalar field enclosed in a cavity, with a frequency lower than a critical value. We use numerical relativity techniques to follow the development of this unstable system-dubbed a charged BH bomb-into the nonlinear regime, solving the full Einstein-Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equations, in spherical symmetry. We show that (i) the process stops before all the charge is extracted from the BH, and (ii) the system settles down into a hairy BH: a charged horizon in equilibrium with a scalar field condensate, whose phase is oscillating at the (final) critical frequency. For a low scalar field charge q, the final state is approached smoothly and monotonically. For large q, however, the energy extraction overshoots, and an explosive phenomenon, akin to a bosenova, pushes some energy back into the BH. The charge extraction, by contrast, does not reverse.
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