A heterojunction photocatalyst composed of zinc rhodium oxide, single crystal-derived bismuth vanadium oxide, and silver for overall pure-water splitting under visible light up to 740 nm

We recently reported the synthesis of a solid-state heterojunction photocatalyst consisting of zinc rhodium oxide (ZnRh2O4) and bismuth vanadium oxide (Bi4V2O11), which functioned as hydrogen (H-2) and oxygen (O-2) evolution photocatalysts, respectively, connected with silver (Ag). Polycrystalline Bi4V2O11 (p-Bi4V2O11) powders were utilized to form ZnRh2O4/Ag/p-Bi4V2O11, which was able to photocatalyze overall pure-water splitting under red-light irradiation with a wavelength of 700 nm (R. Kobayashi et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 3061). In the present study, we replaced p-Bi4V2O11 with a powder obtained by pulverizing single crystals of Bi4V2O11 (s-Bi4V2O11) to form ZnRh2O4/Ag/s-Bi4V2O11, and demonstrated that this heterojunction photocatalyst had enhanced water-splitting activity. In addition, ZnRh2O4/Ag/s-Bi4V2O11 was able to utilize nearly the entire range of visible light up to a wavelength of 740 nm. These properties were attributable to the higher O-2 evolution activity of s-Bi4V2O11.