Quantities, sources and adsorption of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in components of surficial sediments collected in Songhua River (Jilin City), China

Quantities of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154,183 and 209) in surficial sediments (SSs) of the Songhua River, China were extracted and detected by Soxhlet extractor and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Sources of the PBDEs were investigated by factor analysis. Contributions of Fe oxides, Mn oxides and organic matters (OMs), and their interactions of SSs to the adsorption of PBDEs were described based on multiple linear regressions. The analysis results from GC/MS indicated that the concentrations of PBDEs ranged from 2.90 to 9871 ng g(-1) (dry weight) with a mean value of 397 ng g(-1). The congener profiles of the SSs were dominated by BDE-209 ( >= 71.8%). Relatively high contents of PBDEs were observed in SSs from the upstream section. Deca-BDE commercial formulations constituted the largest contribution (33.6%) to PBDEs in the SSs, followed by Penta-BDE commercial formulations (21.7%) and Octa-BDE commercial formulations (13.2%). Each of the components in the SSs contributes positively to PBDEs' adsorption. Synergism of Fe oxides and OMs was observed in the PBDEs' adsorption. The interactions of Mn oxides and other components inhibited the PBDEs' adsorption onto SSs, and the antagonism in the BDE-209 adsorption was stronger than other Sigma 7PBDEs (BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154 and 183). However, the synergism observed in the Sigma 7PBDEs adsorption was stronger than BDE-209. The BDE-209 in SSs mainly came from Deca-BDE commercial formulations. The adsorption of PBDEs onto SSs was affected by the octanol-water coefficient (K-ow) of the PBDEs' congeners and the components of the SSs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.