Journal
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
Volume 158, Issue -, Pages 52-62Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.012
Keywords
Microbiome-gut-brain axis; Parkinson's disease; Gut microbiota; Neurological diseases; Autism; Manganese; Metals; Environmental factors; Neurotoxicity
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [ES19267, NS 074443, ES10586]
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The gut microbiome comprises the collective genome of the trillions of microorganisms residing in our gastrointestinal ecosystem. The interaction between the host and its gut microbiome is a complex relationship whose manipulation could prove critical to preventing or treating not only various gut disorders, like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and ulcerative colitis (UC), but also central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known about the gut microbiome, how it is connected to the development of disease and to identify the bacterial and biochemical targets that should be the focus of future research. Understanding the mechanisms behind the activity and proliferation of the gut microbiome will provide us new insights that may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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