Journal
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Volume 107, Issue -, Pages 111-116Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.007
Keywords
Melanoma; NRAS; RAF; PI3K; Ral GEF; Targeted inhibitors
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [F31-CA174331]
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
- Melanoma Research Alliance
- NIH [CA196278, CA160495, CA182635]
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Cutaneous melanoma is a devastating form of skin cancer and its incidence is increasing faster than any other preventable cancer in the United States. The mutant NRAS subset of melanoma is more aggressive and associated with poorer outcomes compared to non-NRAS mutant melanoma. The aggressive nature and complex molecular signaling conferred by this transformation has evaded clinically effective treatment options. This review examines the major downstream effectors of NRAS relevant in melanoma and the associated advances made in targeted therapies that focus on these effector pathways. We outline the history of MEK inhibition in mutant NRAS melanoma and recent advances with newer MEK inhibitors. Since MEK inhibitors will likely be optimized when combined with other targeted therapies, we focus on recently identified targets that can be used in combination with MEK inhibitors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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