Journal
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
Volume 2016, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
HINDAWI LTD
DOI: 10.1155/2016/7909380
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Funding
- Italian Foundation of Multiple Sclerosis [FISM 2013/R/8]
- Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (Grant PRIN)
- Italian Ministry of Health [GR09.109]
- University of Rome Tor Vergata [E82I15000190005]
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The central nervous system is particularly sensitive to oxidative stress due to many reasons, including its high oxygen consumption even under basal conditions, high production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species from specific neurochemical reactions, and the increased deposition of metal ions in the brain with aging. For this reason, along with inflammation, oxidative stress seems to be one of the main inducers of neurodegeneration, causing excitotoxicity, neuronal loss, and axonal damage, ultimately being now considered a key element in the onset and progression of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and hereditary spastic paraplegia. Thus, the present paper reviews the role of oxidative stress and of its mechanistic insights underlying the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative diseases, with particular focus on current studies on its modulation as a potential and promising therapeutic strategy.
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