Compartment Syndrome in Children

Compartment syndrome in children can present differently than in adults. Increased analgesic need should be considered the first sign of evolving compartment syndrome in children. Children with supracondylar humeral fractures, floating elbow injuries, operatively treated forearm fractures, and tibial fractures are at high risk for developing compartment syndrome. Elbow flexion beyond 90 in supracondylar humeral fractures and closed treatment of forearm fractures in floating elbow injuries are associated with increased risk of compartment syndrome. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with fasciotomy in children result in excellent long-term outcomes.