Journal
OCEAN ENGINEERING
Volume 116, Issue -, Pages 42-54Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.02.022
Keywords
Laboratory experiments; Large eddy simulation; Effluent clouds; Non-buoyant jet; Wave-current coexisting environment
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51379072, 51109074]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20120094110016]
- 111 Project of the Ministry of Education
- State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, China [B12032]
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The three-dimensional flow structure of a non-buoyant vertical round jet in a wave-current coexisting environment is investigated. Laboratory experiments are first conducted to measure instantaneous flow patterns and mean velocity fields of the jet in a wave-current coexisting environment and a current-only environment for comparison. The distinctive 'effluent clouds' phenomenon is clearly observed in the wave-current coexisting environment but scarcely observed in the current-only environment. Moreover, the mean velocity vectors bend further toward the bottom when the wave effect is present. To reveal a more detailed flow structure of the jet in the wave-current coexisting environment, a large eddy simulation (LES) model is developed and validated against the experimental data. The mechanisms of formation and development of 'effluent clouds' are unravelled based on in-depth analysis of the vorticity contours and the high-pass filtered flow fields on the vertical symmetrical plane. With the variation of instantaneous jet-to-current velocity ratio, the 'effluent clouds' dynamically interact with the current induced counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP), resulting in an inverted pear-shaped distribution of mean flow field above the CVP structure centre. This study highlights that the existence of 'effluent clouds' can lead to a significant enhancement of jet spread and dilution in the wave-current coexisting environment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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