Journal
NEUROIMAGE
Volume 139, Issue -, Pages 114-126Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.061
Keywords
Cultural neuroscience; Inhibitory control; Action-monitoring; Inferior frontal gyrus; Anterior cingulate cortex; Behavioral consistency
Funding
- Fulbright Open Competition Scholarship Program
- National Institutes of Health [T32 NS047987, AG049789, DA03369]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21220005]
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [21220005, 17100003, 15H01846]
- KAKENHI [20020011]
- Nakayama Foundation for Human Science
- National Science Foundation [BCS-0720312, BCS-0722326]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16H01507, 15H01846, 20020011, 16H02837, 17100003, 26590145] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Research on neural basis of inhibitory control has been extensively conducted in various parts of the world. It is often implicitly assumed that neural basis of inhibitory control is universally similar across cultures. Here, we investigated the extent to which culture modulated inhibitory-control brain activity at both cultural-group and cultural-value levels of analysis. During fMRI scanning, participants from different cultural groups (including Caucasian-Americans and Japanese-Americans living in the United States and native Japanese living in Japan) performed a Go/No-Go task. They also completed behavioral surveys assessing cultural values of behavioral consistency, or the extent to which one's behaviors in daily life are consistent across situations. Across participants, the Go/No-Go task elicited stronger neural activity in several inhibitory-control areas, such as the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Importantly, at the cultural-group level, we found variation in left IFG (L-IFG) activity that was explained by a cultural region where participants lived in (as opposed to race). Specifically, L-IFG activity was stronger for native Japanese compared to Caucasian-and Japanese-Americans, while there was no systematic difference in L-IFG activity between Japanese-and Caucasian-Americans. At the cultural-value level, we found that participants who valued being themselves across situations (i.e., having high endorsement of behavioral consistency) elicited stronger rostral ACC activity during the Go/No-Go task. Altogether, our findings provide novel insight into how culture modulates the neural basis of inhibitory control. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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