The grammaticalization of impossibility The emergence of the Mandarin modal auxiliary wufa

This study, based on the analysis of historical corpus data, investigates the diachronic development of the Mandarin modal auxiliary wufa and establishes implications both for the grammaticalization of modals and for grammaticalization theory in general. Specifically, our study shows the following results: (1) The grammaticalization of wufa is characterized by coalescence, paradigmaticization, obligatorification, fixation, desemanticization, decategorialization and divergence. (2) Underlying mechanisms at work are structural reanalysis, later followed by syntactic expansion and host-class expansion. (3) The grammaticalization of wufa on the one hand confirms the diachronic path proposed in previous studies, viz., from root possibility to epistemic possibility; within the development of root possibility, however, it demonstrates a distinct path-from participant-external possibility to participant-internal possibility; it is suggested that an important driving force behind this peculiar development path is the Chinese cultural preference for collectivism. (4) The lexical source of modal wufa is a verb-complement sequence (rather than a single full verb).

Automated summary

This study examines the diachronic development of the Mandarin modal auxiliary "wufa" based on historical corpus data, providing insights into the grammaticalization of modals and grammaticalization theory in general. The study identifies the characteristics of the grammaticalization process of "wufa" and explores the underlying mechanisms involved. It also discusses the distinct development path of "wufa" and examines the cultural influence behind it.