Self-Esteem and Self-Compassion: A Narrative Review and Meta-Analysis on Their Links to Psychological Problems and Well-Being

The present review addressed the relationship between two self-related concepts that are assumed to play a role in human resilience and well-being: self-esteem and self-compassion. Besides a theoretical exploration of both concepts, a meta-analysis (k = 76, N = 35,537 participants) was conducted to examine the magnitude of the relation between self-esteem and self-compassion and their links to indices of well-being and psychological problems. The average correlation between self-esteem and self-compassion was strong (r = 0.65, effect size = 0.71), suggesting that - despite some distinct features - the overlap between both self-related constructs is considerable. Self-esteem and self-compassion displayed relations of a similar magnitude to measures of well-being and psycho-logical problems, and both concepts accounted for unique variance in these measures once controlling for their shared variance. Self-esteem and self-compassion can best be seen as complementary concepts and we invite researchers to look more at their joint protective role within a context of well-being and mental health as well as to their additive value in the treatment of people with psychological problems.

Automated summary

This review examines the relationship between self-esteem and self-compassion, two self-related concepts that contribute to human resilience and well-being. A meta-analysis of 76 studies with 35,537 participants revealed a strong correlation between self-esteem and self-compassion, indicating considerable overlap between the two constructs. Both concepts showed similar associations with measures of well-being and psychological problems, and they accounted for unique variance in these measures. The findings suggest that self-esteem and self-compassion are complementary concepts with a protective role in promoting well-being and mental health.