Selective demyelination of a sciatic nerve allograft after SARS-CoV-2 infection - Case report

Peripheral neurological complications are seen after SARS-CoV-2 infections. These are mostly immune-mediated such as Guillaine-Barre syndrome or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. We present a 39-year-old man treated with a right sciatic nerve allo-transplantation with subsequent clinical and electrophysiological improvement within 30 months of observation. After SARS-CoV-2 infection, he developed clinical deterioration with selective sciatic nerve demyelination in a nerve conduction study. Nerve conduction velocity returned to previous values within six months of treatment. Intravenous immunoglobulins were used at standard dosage. The inflammatory immune process seemed to be a cause of peripheral demye-lination isolated to a nerve allograft with good reaction for intravenous immunoglobulin treatment.

Automated summary

This study presents a case of peripheral neurological complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection, specifically selective sciatic nerve demyelination. The patient showed significant clinical and electrophysiological improvement after receiving a right sciatic nerve allo-transplantation and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. These findings suggest that the inflammatory immune process may play a role in the development of peripheral demyelination.