Journal
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 2, Pages 147-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3150
Keywords
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Funding
- Duke University Core Facility Voucher Program
- United States National Institutes of Health [T32 GM007105, R01 NS065890]
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Helsinki, Finland
- Academy of Finland
- Finnish Cancer Organization
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Heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) family members function in stress protection and in human diseases including proteopathies, neurodegeneration and cancer. The mechanisms that drive distinct post-translational modifications, cofactor recruitment and target-gene activation for specific HSF paralogs are unknown. We present crystal structures of the human HSF2 DNA-binding domain (DBD) bound to DNA, revealing an unprecedented view of HSFs that provides insights into their unique biology. The HSF2 DBD structures resolve a new C-terminal helix that directs wrapping of the coiled-coil domain around DNA, thereby exposing paralog-specific sequences of the DBD surface for differential post-translational modifications and cofactor interactions. We further demonstrate a direct interaction between HSF1 and HSF2 through their coiled-coil domains. Together, these features provide a new model for HSF structure as the basis for differential and combinatorial regulation, which influences the transcriptional response to cellular stress.
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