4.5 Article

Relationship between Mild Cognitive Impairment, Pre-Frailty, Physical and Psychological Functioning, and Functional Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Journal

HEALTHCARE
Volume 11, Issue 18, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182542

Keywords

community-dwelling older adults; mild cognitive impairment; pre-frailty

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The combination of MCI and pre-frailty may lead to declines in both physical and psychological functions as well as instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in older adults.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with a high risk of dementia. Reportedly, 54.6% of older adults with MCI fall into the pre-frailty category. However, it is unclear what differences exist in older adults with regard to their physical, psychological, and functional capacities, which depend on MCI, pre-frailty, or a combination of the two. This study aimed to examine the differences between the association between physical function, psychological function, and functional capacity by examining a combination of MCI and pre-frailty among community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. The participants in the analysis were 236 older people living in the community. They were classified into four groups, as follows: normal, MCI only, pre-frailty only, and pre-frailty/MCI; furthermore, their physical, psychological, and functional capacities were compared. In addition, a multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed using MCI and pre-frailty as dependent variables. No associated factors were identified for MCI only, and a depressive mood was only associated with pre-frailty. When pre-frailty and MCI were combined, knee extension muscle strength, fastest gait speed, the s30 s chair stand test, depressed moods, and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were correlated. Our results suggest that when MCI and pre-frailty are combined, declines in both physical and psychological functions and IADL are likely to occur.

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