Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 183-193Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2016.8
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Funding
- Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- MEXT
- Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative Research and Development in Science and Technology (First Program) of the JSPS
- Core Center for iPS Cell Research, Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT
- Japan Foundation for Applied Enzymology
- iPS Cell Research Fund
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The past 10 years have seen great advances in our ability to manipulate cell fate, including the induction of pluripotency in vitro to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This process proved to be remarkably simple from a technical perspective, only needing the host cell and a defined cocktail of transcription factors, with four factors - octamer-binding protein 3/4 (OCT3/4), SOX2, Kruppel- like factor 4 (KLF4) and MYC (collectively referred to as OSKM) - initially used. The mechanisms underlying transcription factor-mediated reprogramming are still poorly understood; however, several mechanistic insights have recently been obtained. Recent years have also brought significant progress in increasing the efficiency of this technique, making it more amenable to applications in the fields of regenerative medicine, disease modelling and drug discovery.
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