Journal
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
Volume 17, Issue 9, Pages 523-534Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrg.2016.66
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Funding
- US Army Research Office [W911NF-15-1-0175]
- European Science Foundation-Research Networking Programme ConGenOmics
- Swisss National Science Foundation [31003A-143393]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [31003A_143393] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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The ocean is hypothesized to be where life on earth originated, and subsequent evolutionary transitions between marine and terrestrial environments have been key events in the origin of contemporary biodiversity. Here, we review how comparative genomic approaches are an increasingly important aspect of understanding evolutionary processes, such as physiological and morphological adaptation to the diverse habitats within the marine environment. In addition, we highlight how population genomics has provided unprecedented resolution for population structuring, speciation and adaptation in marine environments, which can have a low cost of dispersal and few physical barriers to gene flow, and can thus support large populations. Building upon this work, we outline the applications of genomics tools to conservation and their relevance to assessing the wide-ranging impact of fisheries and climate change on marine species.
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