A Comprehensive Review on Monkeypox Viral Disease with Potential Diagnostics and Therapeutic Options

The purpose of this review is to give an up-to-date, thorough, and timely overview of monkeypox (Mpox), a severe infectious viral disease. Furthermore, this review provides an up-to-date treatment option for Mpox. The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has remained the most virulent poxvirus for humans since the elimination of smallpox approximately 41 years ago, with distribution mainly in central and west Africa. Mpox in humans is a zoonotically transferred disease that results in symptoms like those of smallpox. It had spread throughout west and central Africa when it was first diagnosed in the Republic of Congo in 1970. Mpox has become a major threat to global health security, necessitating a quick response by virologists, veterinarians, public health professionals, doctors, and researchers to create high-efficiency diagnostic tests, vaccinations, antivirals, and other infection control techniques. The emergence of epidemics outside of Africa emphasizes the disease's global significance. A better understanding of Mpox's dynamic epidemiology may be attained by increased surveillance and identification of cases.

Automated summary

The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of monkeypox, a severe infectious viral disease. It also discusses the latest treatment options for monkeypox. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) remains the most virulent poxvirus in humans, mainly distributed in central and west Africa. Monkeypox, which transfers from animals to humans, has become a major threat to global health security, requiring a quick response from various professionals to develop efficient diagnostic tests, vaccines, antivirals, and infection control techniques. The emergence of outbreaks outside Africa highlights the global significance of this disease, and increased surveillance and case identification can help better understand its dynamic epidemiology.