Journal
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 73-80Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2016.179
Keywords
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Funding
- European Commission (NANO-VISTA) [FP7-ICT-2011-7, 288263]
- Interuniversity Attraction Poles program MicroMAST [IAP 7/38]
- Belgian Science Policy Office
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200020_153662]
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Predetermined and selective placement of nanoparticles onto large-area substrates with nanometre-scale precision is essential to harness the unique properties of nanoparticle assemblies, in particular for functional optical and electro-optical nanodevices. Unfortunately, such high spatial organization is currently beyond the reach of top-down nanofabrication techniques alone. Here, we demonstrate that topographic features comprising lithographed funnelled traps and auxiliary sidewalls on a solid substrate can deterministically direct the capillary assembly of Au nanorods to attain simultaneous control of position, orientation and interparticle distance at the nanometre level. We report up to 100% assembly yield over centimetre-scale substrates. We achieve this by optimizing the three sequential stages of capillary nanoparticle assembly: insertion of nanorods into the traps, resilience against the receding suspension front and drying of the residual solvent. Finally, using electron energy-loss spectroscopy we characterize the spectral response and near-field properties of spatially programmable Au nanorod dimers, highlighting the opportunities for precise tunability of the plasmonic modes in larger assemblies.
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