MOFs as Versatile Catalysts: Synthesis Strategies and Applications in Value-Added Compound Production

Catalysts played a crucial role in advancing modern humancivilization,from ancient times to the industrial revolution. Due to high costand limited availability of traditional catalysts, there is a needto develop cost-effective, high-activity, and nonprecious metal-basedelectrocatalysts. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emergedas an ideal candidate for heterogeneous catalysis due to their physicochemicalproperties, hybrid inorganic/organic structures, uncoordinated metalsites, and accessible organic sections. MOFs are high nanoporous crystallinematerials that can be used as catalysts to facilitate polymerizationreactions. Their chemical and structural diversity make them effectivefor various reactions compared to traditional catalysts. MOFs havebeen applied in gas storage and separation, ion-exchange, drug delivery,luminescence, sensing, nanofilters, water purification, and catalysis.The review focuses on MOF-enabled heterogeneous catalysis for value-addedcompound production, including alcohol oxidation, olefin oligomerization,and polymerization reactions. MOFs offer tunable porosity, high spatialdensity, and single-crystal XRD control over catalyst properties.In this review, MOFs were focused on reactions of CO2 fixation,CO2 reduction, and photoelectrochemical water splitting.Overall, MOFs have great potential as versatile catalysts for diverseapplications in the future.

Automated summary

Catalysts have played a crucial role in advancing human civilization throughout history. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates for heterogeneous catalysis due to their unique physicochemical properties and hybrid structures. MOFs offer tunable porosity and control over catalyst properties, making them versatile for various reactions. This review focuses on the use of MOFs in value-added compound production and highlights their potential in CO2 fixation, reduction, and water splitting reactions. Overall, MOFs have great potential as versatile catalysts for diverse applications in the future.