Journal
ACS OMEGA
Volume 8, Issue 45, Pages 42356-42366Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04656
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Aquilaria crassna fruit pericarp extracts contain natural compounds with potential anticancer effects, particularly against breast cancer. The compound cucurbitacin E, found in the extracts, shows strong inhibition of cell growth and has binding abilities with the STAT3 domain.
The extracts of Aquilaria crassna pericarp were investigated on the MDA-MB-468, a breast cancer cell line, at desired concentration (1-50 mu g/mL). The results showed that the dichloromethane (DCM) extract exhibited the strongest toxicity and was carried out subsequently. A total of nine compounds were isolated from the DCM extract using column chromatography and recrystallization, of which their structures were determined. Intriguingly, in addition to the previously reported compounds, neocucurbitacin A, a cucurbitacin triterpenoid aglycone with a lactone in ring A, was reported for the first time in the Aquilaria genus. Among the isolated compounds, cucurbitacin E highly inhibited MDA-MB-468 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Owing to binding abilities with the SH2 domain in the molecular docking study, cucurbitacin E, neocucurbitan A, neocucurbitan B, and cucurbitacin E 2-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside act as STAT3 inhibitors and are suitable for further research. This study suggests thatAquilaria crassnafruits could serve as a promising source of natural compounds with potential anticancer effects, particularly against breast cancer.
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