Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 454-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT4810
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Funding
- Center for Molecularly Engineered Energy Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC001342]
- DOE [DE-SC0014213]
- NSF [0840531]
- Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46433]
- Office of Naval Research
- Division Of Chemistry
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0840531] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0014213] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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The short charging times and high power capabilities associated with capacitive energy storage make this approach an attractive alternative to batteries. One limitation of electrochemical capacitors is their low energy density and for this reason, there is widespread interest in pseudocapacitive materials that use Faradaic reactions to store charge. One candidate pseudocapacitive material is orthorhombic MoO3 (alpha-MoO3), a layered compound with a high theoretical capacity for lithium (279 mA h g(-1) or 1,005 C g(-1)). Here, we report on the properties of reduced alpha-MoO3-x(R-MoO3-x) and compare it with fully oxidized alpha-MoO3 (F-MoO3). The introduction of oxygen vacancies leads to a larger interlayer spacing that promotes faster charge storage kinetics and enables the alpha-MoO3 structure to be retained during the insertion and removal of Li ions. The higher specific capacity of the R-MoO3-x is attributed to the reversible formation of a significant amount of Mo4+ following lithiation. This study underscores the potential importance of incorporating oxygen vacancies into transition metal oxides as a strategy for increasing the charge storage kinetics of redox-active materials.
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