Journal
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 18-25Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ni.3325
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Funding
- European Research Council [309788, 340345]
- I-CORE for chromatin and RNA regulation
- Israel Science Foundation [703/15, 887/11]
- BLUEPRINT FP7 consortium
- Ernest and Bonnie Beutler Research Program of Excellence in Genomic Medicine
- Minerva Stiftung
- Azrieli Foundation
- European Molecular Biology Organization [ALT766-2014]
- European Commission FP7 (Marie Curie Actions, EMBOCOFUND) [GA-2012-600394]
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Macrophages provide a critical systemic network cells of the innate immune system. Emerging data suggest that in addition, they have important tissue-specific functions that range from clearance of surfactant from the lungs to neuronal pruning and establishment of gut homeostasis. The differentiation and tissue-specific activation of macrophages require precise regulation of gene expression, a process governed by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin structure. We argue that epigenetic regulation of macrophages is determined by lineage- and tissue-specific transcription factors controlled by the built-in programming of myeloid development in combination with signaling from the tissue environment. Perturbation of epigenetic mechanisms of tissue macrophage identity can affect normal macrophage tissue function and contribute to pathologies ranging from obesity and autoimmunity to neurodegenerative diseases.
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