Journal
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 4, Pages 461-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ni.3371
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Funding
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- European Research Council
- NIHR
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Research Fund KU Leuven [OT/11/087]
- Research Foundation Flanders [G073415N]
- Wellcome Trust [105920/Z/14/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [105920/Z/14/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- BBSRC [BBS/E/B/000C0407, BBS/E/B/000C0409] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/B/000C0407, BBS/E/B/000C0409] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [ACF-2014-14-003] Funding Source: researchfish
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Detailed population-level description of the human immune system has recently become achievable. We used a 'systems-level' approach to establish a resource of cellular immune profiles of 670 healthy individuals. We report a high level of interindividual variation, with low longitudinal variation, at the level of cellular subset composition of the immune system. Despite the profound effects of antigen exposure on individual antigen-specific clones, the cellular subset structure proved highly elastic, with transient vaccination-induced changes followed by a return to the individual's unique baseline. Notably, the largest influence on immunological variation identified was cohabitation, with 50% less immunological variation between individuals who share an environment (as parents) than between people in the wider population. These results identify local environmental conditions as a key factor in shaping the human immune system.
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