Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy, which harnesses the power of the immune system, has shown immense promise in the fight against malignancies. Messenger RNA (mRNA) stands as a versatile instrument in this context, with its capacity to encode tumor-associated antigens ( TAAs), immune cell receptors, cytokines, and antibodies. Nevertheless, the inherent structural instability of mRNA requires the development of effective delivery systems. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant candidates for mRNA delivery in cancer immunotherapy, providing both protection to the mRNA and enhanced intracellular delivery efficiency. In this review, we offer a comprehensive summary of the recent advancements in LNP-based mRNA delivery systems, with a focus on strategies for optimizing the design and delivery of mRNA- encoded therapeutics in cancer treatment. Furthermore, we delve into the challenges encountered in this field and contemplate future perspectives, aiming to improve the safety and efficacy of LNP-based mRNA cancer immunotherapies.

Automated summary

Cancer immunotherapy has great potential in fighting malignancies by utilizing the immune system. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a versatile tool that can encode tumor-associated antigens, immune cell receptors, cytokines, and antibodies. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant candidates for delivering mRNA in cancer immunotherapy, providing protection and enhancing intracellular delivery. This review summarizes recent advancements in LNP-based mRNA delivery systems, focusing on optimizing design and delivery strategies for mRNA-encoded therapeutics in cancer treatment. Challenges and future perspectives in improving the safety and efficacy of LNP-based mRNA cancer immunotherapies are also discussed.